Staging of a Tragic Drama :: essays research papers

Staging of A Tragic manoeuvreMuch of our knowledge of Greek theater comes from archaeologicalstudies and historical writings of the time. By the 600s B.C., the Greeks were well-favored choral performances of dancing and singing at festivals. Tradegies wereperformed as part of an important yearly spiritual celebration. Greeks then later coiffured performances in the Theater of Dionysus.ancient Greek theaters were outdoors, that sit down thousands ofspectators for annual contests in playing, choral singing, and writing comedy andtradegy. Beyond the destiny and facing the audience was the skene, originally usedas a dressing area and later as a background for the action. According to Webster,pg. 326. The theater seated about 14,000 people. It consisted of rows ofstadiumlike seats that curved about halfway close to the orchestra. The stagehouse, that was facing the audience had three doors. The action may have taken designate on a raised platform, or perhaps entirely in the orche stra. A wide profoundopening, to which were added later two smaller side openings, a rolling platformwhich can be pushed through the central opening, a roof, and a crane.Greek tragedy, perhaps because it originally was associated withreligious celebrations, was solemn, poetic, and philosophic. Nearly all theliving tragedies were based on myths. The main character was an admirable,but not perfect, person confronted by a difficult moral choice. According toWebster, pg. 326. Greek tragedies were performed by a few actors, never morethan three on stage at one time. The main characters struggle against forces endedin defeat and in close to Greek tragedies, his or her death. The actors wore masks to indicate the nature of the characters theyplay. Men played womens roles and the same actor appeared in several parts. The acting style was probably farther from realistic. The poetic language and theidealized characters suggest that Greek acting was formal. According to Webster,pg. 326. The dancers were men wearing a kind of jersey which held in thepadding. Sometimes they danced with women, padded, natural or clothed. Menwear masks, tights, and over the tights all other clothing that suits his part. Greek tragedies consisted of a series of dramatic episodes separatedby choral odes. The episodes were performed by a few actors, never more thanthree on stage at a time, during the 400s b.c. A chorus danced and sang andchanted the odes to melodic accompaniment. According to Webster, pg. 327. Theperformances was a unique performance to please the divinity fudge Dionysos. The earliestrecord of Greek drama dates from about 534 b.Staging of a Tragic Drama essays research papers Staging of A Tragic DramaMuch of our knowledge of Greek theater comes from archaeologicalstudies and historical writings of the time. By the 600s B.C., the Greeks weregiving choral performances of dancing and singing at festivals. Tradegies wereperformed as part of an important yearly religious c elebration. Greeks then laterstaged performances in the Theater of Dionysus.Ancient Greek theaters were outdoors, that seated thousands ofspectators for annual contests in acting, choral singing, and writing comedy andtradegy. Beyond the circle and facing the audience was the skene, originally usedas a dressing area and later as a background for the action. According to Webster,pg. 326. The theater seated about 14,000 people. It consisted of rows ofstadiumlike seats that curved about halfway around the orchestra. The stagehouse, that was facing the audience had three doors. The action may have takenplace on a raised platform, or perhaps entirely in the orchestra. A wide centralopening, to which were added later two smaller side openings, a rolling platformwhich can be pushed through the central opening, a roof, and a crane.Greek tragedy, perhaps because it originally was associated withreligious celebrations, was solemn, poetic, and philosophic. Nearly all thesurviving tragedies wer e based on myths. The main character was an admirable,but not perfect, person confronted by a difficult moral choice. According toWebster, pg. 326. Greek tragedies were performed by a few actors, never morethan three on stage at one time. The main characters struggle against forces endedin defeat and in most Greek tragedies, his or her death. The actors wore masks to indicate the nature of the characters theyplayed. Men played womens roles and the same actor appeared in several parts. The acting style was probably far from realistic. The poetic language and theidealized characters suggest that Greek acting was formal. According to Webster,pg. 326. The dancers were men wearing a kind of jersey which held in thepadding. Sometimes they danced with women, padded, naked or clothed. Menwear masks, tights, and over the tights any other clothing that suits his part. Greek tragedies consisted of a series of dramatic episodes separatedby choral odes. The episodes were performed by a few actor s, never more thanthree on stage at a time, during the 400s b.c. A chorus danced and sang andchanted the odes to musical accompaniment. According to Webster, pg. 327. Theperformances was a unique performance to please the god Dionysos. The earliestrecord of Greek drama dates from about 534 b.

The Theme of Love in A Midsummer Nights Dream by William Shakespeare E

The Theme of Love in A Midsummer Nights Dream by William Shakespeare When love is in attendance it brings care, faith, center and intimacy. This is proved true(a) in the spectacular play A Midsummer Nights Dream written by William Shakespeare. This play displays the facts about lust, hatred, jealousy and their roles in something potently desirable. It is entitled love. Love is present everywhere, in every form, in every condition and even when one least expects it. True love is like a precious black pearl, it is so rare that many believe it to be a myth, but Hermia and Lysander found true love according to the following survival said by Lysander from A Midsummer Nights Dream. ...The course of true love never did run smooth... (1.1. 136) A short while later Hermia replied with ...If then true lovers have been ever crossed...as due to love as thoughts, and dreams, and sighs... (1.1. 152, 156) Thus they explained that true love was difficult to bear and compreh end, but in tru...

Public Hangings :: essays research papers

Capital punishment seemed to have been regenerated from the beginning of mankind, where beheading was considered an honorable method of meeting death, whereas hanging carried with it a definite stigma. The era of public hanging was emotionally satisfying even though the surroundings was emotionally tense. In contrast to private hangings where they were fewer observers, less(prenominal) theatrical from the accuse and hanging was becoming more of an inhuman punishment to inflict on those found guilty of their crime. Both forms of hangings were though to be an utile way of preventing individuals from committing a crime. Capital punishment seemed morally acceptable, to the public and there were individuals who were willing to carry out the execution. From the books "Hang By the Neck", Hanging in the Balance and The trail of the Dinosaur, gives descriptions of public and private hangings, the responsibilities of the hangman and the general reaction of the public, who were for an d againts hangings. In the days of public hangings, gallows or scaffolds were rather crude contraptions. Early contraptions consisted of two order in the ground, with a cross-piece between them from which the victim swung. As the years passed by a second contraption was invented, a single stout post with a timber nailed at a right angle at the top, with supporting boards attached. A third contraption was made which was a platform erected nine or more feet from the ground, in the middle of which was a trap door which swung upon hinges. This latest invention was commonly used towards the end of public hangings. In private hangings the same(p) contraption was used, but the individual were taken down a lot quicker, for their was no need to display the executed to curious observer. Public executions were grim and was a disgusting spectacle to the accuses family and close friends, but for most individuals it was a time to rejoice and to celebrate. When a crowd assembled to witness a publ ic event, they were out in a holiday mood. Hundreds of people came from long distances to view a hanging, concessionaires had money invested in trinkets and food to be sold at what they called jamborees. Public hanging were often imitated in plays, which were seen as despicable form of entertainment towards the victim and the accuses family. The scenes attending the hangings were for large gatherings from far and near, mostly bent on idle curiosity or for a grand jollification.

Essay --

Yike CaoPHIL 100Dr. Hass10/8/20133.For what reasons did Socrates refuse to escape from prison? Do you correspond or disagree with his decision? Defend your answer. In 399BC Socrates was sentenced to death on account of corrupting the younker of Athens. By this, the authorities claimed that he was teaching the youthfulness to question what was commonly taught to them about religion, gods and goddesses. This was coming at the end of the Peloponnesian War, which was believed to have been a mark of Athenas (patron Goddess of Athens) fury at her the great unwashed. The people at the time believed that Socrates teachings would only have angered her further and so they arrested Socrates and eventually sentenced him to death. In this essay, I will explain the reasons why Socrates refused to escape from prison, and why I think he should not have accepted the death penalty.After reading Platos The Trial and Death of Socrates, it seems that Socrates was given a survival of the fittest of pu nishment, but he refuses to take the charges seriously and claimed he was not afraid of death and thus was forced to drink hemlock. Socrates accepted his punishment saying that no one knows what death is like, it may be better than this life and that in death his soul could be free amongst other great souls and he could deal his questioning and search for knowledge there. Socrates claims that he is right to submit to his punishment. One reason he gives is that although he has this escape route, there would not be a great deal of point. He would be unable to continue his search for knowledge in Thessaly as, firstly, he may face the same charges for corrupting youth there or the Athenian authorities could easily find him there. He thought that people would be more interested in how ... ...you have the hazard to continue living (even if your life is not going to be the same as it was before), and that life should be the most important and sacred thing. Therefore, under the eyeball of the law he was right to submit to his punishment but it seems wrong to me that he chose death when he could have chosen life. Even though some people may argue that Socrates should not have escaped Socrates was an old man and would have died anyway. He would rather become a martyr who highlights the problems with Athenian democracy than seem like a coward and escape. In another word, Socrates sacrifice was necessary in order to highlight the injustices of society at that point in time. But I stable believe that Socrates should have at least fought for his life and not just submitted so readily to his punishment. The end result could still be the same, or even better.

Expansion and the Evolutionary Lottery :: Evolution Essays

Expansion and the Evolutionary LotteryFor a young scholar learning the basic concepts of science and biology, ontogeny was this grand theory of past life becoming more like present life over time via the utilization of such complicated and foretaste means as natural survival and survival of the fittest. I came to understand that there was endless diversity of life, and variation was a result of the interactions of organisms with their environments. Natural selection placed pressure on the organisms forcing adaptations to be made, hence new species to arise over time. The oversimplified image of phylogenesis that began to form in my head involved maven single organism adapting to its environment and undergoing change in its own life span, therefore that one organism experiences evolution in action. I didnt think evolution was a process of becoming more perfect necessarily, but better suited for more diverse situations, which boiled down to being better. Obviously this try I was c onjuring up was far from the most scientifically logical, and I was surprised and impressed to hear a better explanation. Evolution is depicted as an inconceivably time- consuming and expansion-driven process it is not about survival of the fittest or being perfect, rather the most able to produce genetically variable payoff (less likely to be eliminated by natural selection). The major discrepancy between the two (oversimplified and clarified) formulations of evolution is the importance of random innate expansion, which arguably is a tonicity assigned not only to energy and matter on Earth, but also to evolution and as the entire universe. One of the simpler discrepancies in my illogical intellection of evolution merely involved timescale and the mechanism of change. A single organism cannot evolve within its own life span because of environmental pressure. The very start-off of Mayrs seventeen principles of inheritance states, genetic material is constant (hard) it cannot be c hanged by the environment or by use and disuse of the phenotype... Genes cannot be modified by the environment... There is no inheritance of acquired characters (Mayr, 2001, p. 91). Therefore, one organism cannot possibly experience evolution in action as a result of environmental interactions. The margin adaptation creates some confusion here because it is so often coupled with evolutionary change and expresses a change suited for certain environmental conditions. The occurrence of the matter is evolution, as well as adaptation, occur over many generations and changes are not directly related to the conditions of the environment.

The Articles of Confederation :: essays research papers

The Articles of Confederation was the first constitution of the United States. The Articles took place from knock against 1, 1781 to June 21, 1788. At the time of the American Revolution, the Articles were written by a direction of the Second Continental Congress. John Dickson was the head of the committee. He presented a report on the proposed articles to the Congress on July 12, 1776. He wanted a strong important government, control over the western lands, equal representation for the states, and the violence to levy taxes. A powerful central government was feared by the thirteen states. John Dicksons articles were drastically changed before they sent them to all the states for ratification. The Continental Congress had been careful to give the states as often independence as possible and to specify the hold in functions of the federal official government. Many years passed before the states ratified the articles. Disagreements were made over boundary lines. Decisions were m ade by state courts, on differing tariff laws, and trade restrictions mingled with the states. The small states wanted equal representation with the large states in Congress, and the large states were afraid they would know to pay an excessive amount of money to support the federal government. The states continued to disagree over control of the western territories. The states wanted the government to control the sale of these territories so that all the states profited. The bordering states wanted to control as much land as they could. The states eventually agreed to give control of all western lands to the federal government, paving the way for final ratification of the articles on March 1, 1781.The articles created a loose confederation of independent states that gave limited powers to a central government. The national government consisted of a single house of Congress, where each state would have to vote. Out of thirteen states, three would have to give consent so the Congres s could borrow money as well as declare state of war and enter into treaties and alliances with foreign nations. The federal government had no judicial authority and Congress only had the judicial authority to arbitrate between states. The Congress denied the power to levy taxes. The new federal government was financed by donations from the states based on the value of each states lands. Any amendment to the articles required the unanimous boon of all 13 states. The Second Continental Congress wanted to limit the power of the central government so

The Articles of Confederation :: essays research papers

The Articles of Confederation was the first constitution of the United States. The Articles took place from March 1, 1781 to June 21, 1788. At the while of the American Revolution, the Articles were written by a committee of the Second Continental Congress. John Dickson was the head of the committee. He presented a report on the proposed articles to the Congress on July 12, 1776. He wanted a strong rudimentary governance, control over the western lands, equal representation for the articulates, and the power to levy taxes. A powerful central government was feared by the thirteen states. John Dicksons articles were drastically changed before they sent them to all the states for ratification. The Continental Congress had been careful to give the states as oftentimes independence as possible and to specify the limited functions of the federal government. Many years passed before the states ratified the articles. Disagreements were made over boundary lines. Decisions were made by s tate courts, on differing tariff laws, and trade restrictions between the states. The small states wanted equal representation with the large states in Congress, and the large states were afraid they would have to contain an excessive amount of gold to support the federal government. The states continued to disagree over control of the western territories. The states wanted the government to control the sale of these territories so that all the states profited. The bordering states wanted to control as much land as they could. The states eventually agreed to give control of all western lands to the federal government, pavement the way for final ratification of the articles on March 1, 1781.The articles created a loose confederation of independent states that gave limited powers to a central government. The national government consisted of a single house of Congress, where each state would have to vote. Out of thirteen states, three would have to give consent so the Congress could borrow money as well as declare war and enter into treaties and alliances with foreign nations. The federal government had no discriminative authority and Congress only had the judicial authority to arbitrate between states. The Congress denied the power to levy taxes. The new federal government was financed by donations from the states based on the value of each states lands. Any amendment to the articles required the unanimous approval of all 13 states. The Second Continental Congress wanted to limit the power of the central government so

Halal Food Industry

chieftain Executive Office halal convergences and services argon fast gaining worldwide recognition as a new benchmark for safety and character assurance. Many of the prop singlents of the halal value proposition are humble Malaysian players who have dared to venture into the spherical securities industry. These players with the undying leap out of HDC will assist the Malaysian g overnment in continuing to raise the standards for proper in line with changing spheric trends and building on the issue and instruction of halal manufacture.I am most grateful to Allah S. W. T. for the successful materialize of the scratch line HDC Halal Success Stories. This is one of some(prenominal) another(prenominal) initiatives chthonian the Capacity Building initiative, which looks at developing the local players into global champions. The purpose of this offspring is to showcase Malaysian players who have notable feats in the Halal patience. This publication will showcase suc cess stories of selected Halal industry manufacturers with proven track record and performance resilience in two the domestic and international arena.I take this opportunity to congratulate these players for their remarkable accomplishment and I appreciate the freight extended to the HDCs inaugural publication of Halal Success Stories. HDC recognizes the value and portion extended by these elite groups of Halal manufacturers and it is our responsibilities as the leading Government halal agency to groom and develop these high achievers for the sustainable global government agency via our Halal Champion Programme. HDCs ultimate goal is to enhance the skill and the capabilities of the halal producers, especi solelyy the Small and Medium Entrepreneurs (SMEs).I would like to extend my purportfelt predilection to the Ministry of global Trade and Industry (MITI) and all the supporting agencies that have supported us in this publication of HDC Halal Success Stories. Lastly, I hope t hat this publication will spearhead to a greater extent Halal players in pursuing similar aspiration of contributing to the national Halal economy. Dato Seri Jamil bin Bidin HALAL INDUSTRY suppuration CORPORATION VISION Position Malaysia as the global support centre for all Halal standards products and services MISSION Create value for clientelees in the world(prenominal) Halal Industry to benefit Malaysias economyHalal is not merely a panache of life it is a global industry. With a stake in commercial sectors worldwide, Halal schooling has become a signifi groundworkt contributor to all facets of economic growth. Established on 18 September 2006, Halal Industry schooling Corporation coordinates the overall education of the Halal industry in Malaysia. Focusing on development of Halal standards, audit and documentation, plus capacity building for Halal products and services, HDC raises participation and facilitates growth of Malaysian companies in the global Halal market p lace. Intent on building a global Halal conjunction,HDC brings the Malaysian Halal industry in unison toward a common goal. By nurturing growth and participation of local chorees into the global Halal market, HDC sets the bar for Halal best practices in Malaysia to meliorate the development of Halal standards globally. Through unsurpassed k like a shotledge and experience, HDC is the gateway toward a better understanding of Halal for all. The roles and responsibilities of HDC are thus > To direct and coordinate the development of Malaysias Halal industry amongst all stake h honest-to-goders both public and private > To manage capacity building for Halal producers and related service exitrs gt To support investment into Malaysias Halal industry > To facilitate the growth and participation of Malaysian companies in the global Halal market > To develop, promote and market a Malaysian Halal marking > To promote the concept of Halal and related goods and services To this end, showcased in here are success stories of a select hardly a(prenominal) businesses identified to have the longingd experience and expertise in their respective fields that empennage be used as a benchmark for others to emulate. The criteria of selecting these businesses are wide and involve > > > > > Sound financial standing,Compliance to Halal and other standards, Product diversity & export oriented, Continuous improvements through R&D, Future expansion plans and growth globally Among them, a selected few will then be shortlisted to vie for the status of Champions of the Industry for the year, to spikelet and motivate them and others to promote the concept of Halal in their businesses. HALAL INDUSTRY SUCCESS STORIES MM VITAOILS SDN BHD The lodge was founded in 1999 and is the Master Brand with tick off portfolios that are associated with high quality, palm embrocate-based products such as formulation oil, ghee, shortening, margarine and pastry margarine.The club head-office currently operates out of its main seed in Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan. Key person of the social club En. Mazlan Muhammad MM Vitaoils Sdn Bhd is chaired by Y. Bhg Datok Harun Bin Siraj. Its Chief Executive Officer/Managing managing director, Encik Mazlan Bin Muhammad, is also the founder of the keep club, having started his foray into the world of business as a trader of apparels in Petaling Street soon afterward his schooling days. He eventually ventured into the manufacturing industry and made a name for himself and his guild as a leading manufacturer and exporter of premium quality nonpoisonous oil based roducts from Malaysia The plant in Shah Alam is in fact one of the most modern facilities in Malaysia with a total monthly com lay ined capacity of 10,000 metric tonnes and the capability to pack products in different packing materials for its core business activities such as manufactured oil products and salad oils. The plant works in collaboration with the Malaysian handle Oil Board (MPOB) in this respect. The fellowship Philosophy By Our Heart, To Your Heart was coined to capture the Brands honest desire to provide only the best for its customers, with emphasis on their commitment to Quality, health and Credibility.This is further evidenced through the accreditations that MM Vitaoils received on Quality placement such as ISO 90012000, Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) and Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP). Recently MM Vitaoils achieved ISO 22000 2005 on 6th February 2009. Company Achievements Since its psychiatric hospital in 1999, MM Vitaoils has been awarded with many recognitions that exemplify its commitment not only for the quality of its products but also its high standards in managing its business and its other flush asset, the corporations Human Resources. These Milestones overwhelm, 2010-MostCaringEmployer demobyMalaysiaMinistry of Human Resource 2009-NationalAwardFor counselAccounti ng (NAFMA) 2008-ASEAN dutyAward(ASEAN-BAC) 2007-IndustryEx cadreenceAwardMalaysian International Trade and Industry Ministry 2006-GoldenAwardForFoodandBeverages (Barcelona, Spain) by Trade Leaders Club International Markets The Products The company produces and markets its products under different scrape names which enhances a fitter and wellnessier lifestyle. They are categorized as follows Cooking Oils Palmas, Serimas, Super Fino Margarine Rise and Shine, Blossommm, Marvelosso veggie Ghee Golden Treat, Al Amin Shortening Qualitaste, Halal Fats, Halal Oils, GoldenHarvest Other Value added Products Ice cream coating shortening, Ice cream shortening, Pastry margarine, Omega-3 margarine, Palm olein blend, Pourable shortening, Low fat spread and Low-fat icing. MM Vitaoils Sdn Bhd Lot 3, Persiaran Perusahaan, Section 23 40300 Shah Alam Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia. Tel +603 5548 8122 Fax +603 5548 9122 Website www. mmvitaoils. com. my e-mail emailprotected com. my MM Vitaoils ex ports its 24 brands of quality edible oil products, with trademark registration in Malaysia, to South Korea, China, India, Europe, USA, Uzbekistan, Africa and japan, securing recession markets in these arts of the world. The export market constitutes over 98% of its total revenue. It is heartening to note that MM Vitaoils is the biggest supplier of palm oil produce in Uzbekistan. Moving foregoing MM Vitaoils plans to expand their downstream oils and fats venture further into the European and US markets. A strategy they would adopt to materialise this plan is to jointventure with European and US based companies as this would ensure a smooth transition into these market segments which are passing competitive where alternative oil based products are concerned. KART FOOD INDUSTRY SDN BHD Key person of the Company Mr. Choong Kin Peng Mr.Choong Kin Peng, the 48 year old General Manager (Operations) of Kart Food Industries Sdn Bhd is one of the pioneer employees of the company when it st arted its operations in 1988. A qualified ICSA by profession, he also holds a Business Administration Diploma from one of Malaysias reputable institute of higher learning, the Tunku Abdul Rahman College. Choong Kin Peng experienced firsthand valuable experiences and knowledge under the different centering structures and ownerships of the company since its inception. Being the most experienced and knowledgeable employee has made him an invaluable employee and the most suited to head the perations. As someone in charge of the common operations of the business, he is also personally involved in overseeing the various certifications and achievements of the company. Under his direction, the company is poised to achieve its aspirations. Kart Food was established in 1988 as a manufacturer and distributor of frozen real Malaysian snack food. Kart owed its name to the founders wife who is called Kartini, the lady behind the creation of Karts roti canai (a truly authentic Malaysian hand to ssed layered flatbread) to what it is today. Karts started its humble beginning as a home based industry. today it is proudly a brand that is synonymous with high quality Halal DELICIOUSLY CONVENIENT food, a market leader in its category in Malaysia and several other countries in Europe and Asia. Kart Food has a variety of product reaching, from frozen Roti Canai, Paratha, Steam Buns, Pizza and various finger-food snacks. Karts wide product crease are treat and packed in hygienic environment in its 2 manufacturing plants in Shah Alam, Selangor and Kota Bharu, Kelantan, both plants complying to various standards and certification such as HACCP, ISO90012000 and EMS. Karts product hightail it has also been recognized for their uperior product packaging and this has led them to be awarded with the Malaysia Good Design Mark 2003 by the Malaysian Design Council under the Ministry of Science, Technology and surround of Malaysia. Company Achievements The Company can be proud of its achi evements since its inception, and among those are HalalcertificationfromJAKIM BestBrandsfromtheBrandLaureate IndustryExcellenceAward2003(Specialawardfor development of a Malaysian brand) MalaysianGoodDesignMark2003 ISO90012000 HACCP&EMScertification International Markets Karts range of product is also usable in Americas, SouthAfrica, United Kingdom, European Unions, Middle vitamin E, East Asia and Australia. Moving Forward The Products Karts Food manufactures and distributes Frozen Flatbread Roti, Hand-tossed Pizzas, Crispy Finger Foods with fillings, Buns with fillings through retail and wholesale outlets in the country and overseas. Kart Food Industries Sdn Bhd Shah Alam Factory Lot 9 & 11, Jalan Bawang Putih 24/34 Seksyen 24 40300 Shah Alam Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Tel +603 5541 4199 Fax +60355417948 Website www. kartfood. com. my Karts vision is to penetrate into to a greater extent overseas market in the immediate future as well as ement its position as the market leader in the local authentic Malaysian ethnic food and finger food snacks. FA HERBS SDN BHD FA Herbs started out as an herb based cottage industry in a small stopgap mill behind their mothers house in 1995. It soon outgrew this surrounding to emerge as one of the leading contract manufacturer and re-packer specializer of nature based product in Malaysia. The year 1999 marked an important milestone for the company with the completion of their RM 1. 5 million GMP and ISO demonstrate natural products factory built on 6 acres of prime industry land in Kuala Selangor, Selangor.What initially seemed as a challenge for such a small business turned out into a venture that made even bigger companies look up to them and business flourished since. Key person of the Company Mohamad Faisal bin Ahmad Fadzil, Faridah bt Ahmad Fadzil Fauziah bt Ahmad Fadzil FA Herbs Sdn Bhd came into being as a result of the relentless pursuit to start a business based on natural products by three siblings, way in 1995 Faridah Binti Ahmad Fadzil, Fauziah Binti Ahmad Fadzil and Ahmad Faisal Bin Ahmad Fadzil. At the time of the companys inception back then, natural roducts were not very popular nor well received by the local market and consumers yet. Yet the siblings persevered and grew the company to be what it is today. The company operations are now overseen by Ahmad Faisal in his role as the Managing Director. FA Herbs remained focused on their core business, which was formulating, designing and manufacturing wellness supplements for multi level and wholesale companies in Malaysia and abroad. After 2 days, the siblings managed to establish FA Herbs Sdn Bhd firmly as a preferred contract manufacturer, producing products for giants such as Amway and Cosway.Starting out with two staffs in the 1990s, FA Herbs currently employs about 70 staffs and specializes in premium natural products conceptualization and manufacturing in health supplements, personal electric charge, and undress ca re and health club products. Their range of clients now includes multi level companies, whole sellers, airlines, five stars hotels and resorts. After establishing FA Herbs as a premier contract manufacturer, the three advanced siblings went on to realize their dream of creating, formulating and designing a truly natural products range that is targeted towards the international market.And it was in 2000 that Tanamera was introduced to the world as a natural product range. In 2003, their foray into the natural products market changed directions when the founders teamed up with an industrious German lady and together they tailor made the Tanamera line into a spa range by adding products like body scrubs, massage oils, body masks, incense sticks etc. Currently Tanamera retail range has approximately 80 core products not inclusive of spa accessories. Tanamera also offers about 80 professional products to be used in Spa treatments along with a list of treatments database Spas can access into.Tanamera products focus on ingredients that can be found in the equatorial belt with leaning towards Malay beauty treatments. The Companys products and services are recognised and sensible by the Drug Control Authority of Malaysia. The plant is also in its final stage of obtaining the ISO 9002 certification. Company Achievements Their effort to maintain the integrity of a real natural product range was recognized in 2005 when they were awarded the Good Design Award (G-Mark) by the Japan Industrial Design Promotion Organization (JIDPO). G-Mark is Japans only synthetic design evaluation/recommendation system which is based on Good Design Selection System established by the Ministry of InternationalTradeandIndustryofJapanin1957. Tanamera was also the winner of the best Home Spa products in the Malaysian wellness Award 2009. And the company has been awarded its Halal certification from JAKIM International Markets Tanamera can now be found in spas in Germany, Denmark, Slovenia, C zech Republic, Sweden, New York, Australia and Singapore. In 2010, Tanamera will be introduced in Russia, Italy and Japan. Moving Forward The Products Among the products re-packaged under contract by the Company are > Aromatherapy products gt Personal Hygiene & Toiletries products > Food Supplements including packaging tea sachets > Capsulation of Herbal products > Spa products (Retail and Bulk) under the Tanamera brand The Company also provides comprehensive formulation on the products that they manufacture and re-pack. FA Herbs Sdn Bhd Lot517JalanBukitBelimbing 45000 Kuala Selangor Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Tel +603 3289 3323 Fax +603 3289 3439 Website www. tanamera. com. my FA Herbs plans to expand their range of Tanamera spa products into much than countries globally, namely to Russia, Italy and Japan. The team has even tarted to embark on the natural skin care market and initiated a partnership with a local celebrity to create Jerneh by Sheila Majid, a premium sk in care range made for the Halal market. The skin care range was introduced on a low key in 2009 and plans are for the range to be distributed in premium outlets throughout Malaysia at bottom the year the company also planned to bring this product line to the international markets in the future. In addition to that, the siblings have also started on adding other product range to their line of natural products that of quality health supplements under the brand name of Teraputik pecifically targeting the Malaysian consumers. The idea behind Teraputik is to achieve back to the community by supplying them premium products without a high price tag. FA Herbs have for geezerhood consistently supplied premium products for local and international markets and they feel that the public can easily identify the quality behind the FA Herbs name. HALAGEL (M) SDN BHD HalagelwasincorporatedinAugust1997. Itisasoleimporter and distributor for Halal Food and Ph build upaceuticals Grade gelatin an d Halal Empty gravely Gelatine Capsules for Malaysia and South Asia markets. Today the company is a leading rand of Halal gelatine ingredients for food and pharmaceutical manufacturers in Malaysia. Key person of the Company Dato Seri Talaat Bin Hussein The key staff office of Halagel (M) Sdn Bhd are its Chairman, Dato Seri Talaat Bin Hussein and the man with the responsibility to drive the company forward and be what it is today, Encik Mohamad Yakob Bin Munshi Deen, the Managing Director. The incorporation of the company was to meet the growing call for of the Muslim market for halal healthcare products. The huge population of Muslims globally has led to the pressing need to ensure food achievement worldwide meets he stringent halal requirements. More than 50% of the total world production of gelatine is widely used in the manufacture of foods. The company has made as its bursting charge To Provide Halal Alternative Products demesnewide in line with its vision of becoming a h ousehold name for halal products. Halagel has now broadened its business activities from trading to distributing and manufacturing Halal alternative products under the Halagel brand through its subsidiary companies, namely 1. 2. Halagel Distributor Sdn. Bhd distributor for Halagel Consumer products Halagel Plant (M) Sdn Bhd manufacturing of Halal Empty Hard Gelatine Capsule andHalalSoftgelNutraceutical. 3. Halagel Products Sdn Bhd manufacturing of Herbal Toothpaste and packaging of Edible Rock Salt, Premix Coffee, Gelatin, Vitamin C and etc. Company Achievements A notable achievement of the company was being constitute by the Islamic Corporation for the Development of the Private Sector, a subsidiary of the Islamic Development Bank, as their advisor for a gelatine and capsule plant in Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Halagel was also recently awarded with the Halal Champion Award initiated by the Halal Industry Development Corporation (HDC) besides pull ahead a 4 Star rating un der the SMECompetitive Rating for Enhancement (SCORE) organised by Ministry of International Trade & Industry (MITI) and SMECorp. The awards were given based on the companys performance in 2009. International Markets Today, Halagel supplies and distributes Halal gelatine for food and pharmaceutical manufacturers not only in Malaysia but also abroad. The Products The companys products are categorised into Consumer products Toothpaste, Goji Coffee, Gummy Candy, Edible Rock Salt. NutraceuticalproductsVirginCoconutOil,Habbatus Sauda Oil, Omega 3 Fish Oil. Body & Healthcare products. Industrial products Edible gelatine, Empty Hard GelatineCapsules, Vegecaps. HALAGEL(M)SDN. BHD. HALAGELPLANT(M)SDNBHD LotA137,Jalan2B,KawasanPerusahaanMIEL Sungai Lalang 08000 Sungai Petani Kedah Darul Aman Malaysia Tel. +6044481287 Fax. +604 4481 286 Website www. halagel. com E-mail emailprotected com Besides the conventional method of trading and distribution, the company is moving with times and has n ow embarked into E-Commerce where its products can be purchased on-line. In this respect, it can be tell that the world is its market However, to maintain control and prevent abuse, the company sets certain conditions for such purchases and s starting with accepting orders from Malaysia, Brunei, Singapore, Vietnam, Cambodia, UAE, Saudi Arabia, USA, UK and Turkey but infra 3 kg. Moving Forward The company is continually looking to expand its range of product line, especially to the consumer market. To this effect, one of its aspiration is to produce its own brand of bottled drinking waterbottle and distribute drinking water (expand product line) CLARA INTERNATIONAL BEAUTY GROUP SDN BHD Key person of the Company Datin Prof. Dr. Clara Chee Clara International was founded by its Chairperson, Datin Prof. Dr. Clara Chee, a marvellous Skin CareFormulation Scientist and Aesthetician known in the international arena. Her huge experience in this field is recognised through her representin g Malaysia in numerous cosmetic and toiletries industry events, presenting papers on skin related problems at a few. She is the Chairperson of the Malaysian Beauty Therapy Association as well as the Malaysian CIDESCO section, and is a CIDESCO International Examiner herself. Clara International Beauty throngs Chief Executive Officer, Dato Woo Ser Chai holds a Bachelor in Economics degree with over 30 years of experience in numerous industries prior to joining Clara InternationalBeauty Group. These include banking, property, and food and even as a financial analyst with a public listed firm. Dato Woo plays a very important role of managing and spearheading the direction of the group to new heights. What is now known as Clara International Beauty Group startedoutasabeautysalonbackin1977. Asapioneerin skin care, the Group is now acknowledged as a true leader going beyond Malaysia, breaking new ground in nigh every facet of the beauty and wellness industry. With our own R&D facilities, manufacturing plants, beauty centres, beauty colleges, beauty equipment distributorship, nd time-tested business format franchise, Clara International has successfully evolved to become one of the largest beauty chains in Malaysia, with over 50 beauty centres throughout Malaysia and with associates in the Asian neighbourhood. A recent development is the accreditation given to this Groups Beauty College as an Institute of Higher Education. To this end,theGroupworkscloselyinpartnershipwiththeNational VocationalTrainingCouncil(MLVK)andNilaiUniversityCollege, among others. Company Achievements The company has chalked up many milestones in its more(prenominal) than 30 years in the industry, among the notable ones are T heAccreditationofClaraInternationalAestheticCollegeasPrivate Higher Educational Institutions (IPTS) by Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia B eingawardedtheISO90012000certificate HalalCertificationonClaraInternationalHerbal skincareProductby JAKIM C ertifi cationofClaraInternationalBeautyGroupasrecipientofAsiaPacific International Honesty Enterprise Keris Award 2002 C ertificationthatClaraInternationalBeautyGroupSdnBhdachievedthe Industry Excellence 2000 C ertificationthatClaraNetworkSdnBhdachievedtheFinalListof Malaysia Franchise Award 2000/2001 E ndorsementasSuperbrandsbySuperbrandsMalaysiaI nnovativeLearning&DevelopmentAward2004 T hefounder&chairmanofClaraInternationalBeautyGroup,DatinProf. D r. ClaraCheeawardedtheinauguralNAWEMAwards2004Businessof the Year Award 2004 2 009MRCA8TVEntrepreneurAwardsTop noneineebyMRCAand8TV 2 009NationalWomensEntrepreneurPlatinumAwardNWEA,bythe M inistryofNationalTradeIndustryandSMECorp. 2 009TheBrandLaureateSMEsChapterAwardsBestBrandsin health Personal & Beauty Care by BrandLaureate 2 0102ndMalaysiaBusinessLeadershipAwards2010(MBLA)underthe category of Health and Wellness sector 2 010OutstandingEntrepreneurshipAwardbyAsiaPacificEntrepreneurship Awards (APEA) 2010 International Markets In Malaysi a, Clara International centres can be found in all states including Sabah and Sarawak with the exception of Perlis and Terengganu. The Products The companys products are synergistically formulated with only the finest herbal ingredients using the latest & in advance(p) applied science to enhance skin penetration & efficacy. The areas of their services are categorised into On the international market, Clara International has formed associations with business partners in Philippines, Singapore, Indonesia, Thailand, Brunei, Mauritius, India,Myanmar and Dubai. Clara Herbal Based Skincare Product Specialist in providing a wide range of herbal skin care products that are natural, safe & effective for both temperate & tropical climates. professional Services Professional Facial, Corrective Facial Treatment, Professional Intensive Treatments, Specialized Skin Blemish Treatment (SSBT), Specialized Eye Care, Phyto Fairness Therapy, Professional Body Slimming Services, Professional Finish ing Touches, Professional Make-Up Services, Manicure & Pedicure Clara International Aesthetics College Beauty college which has produced more than 10,000 beauty specializersBeauty Franchise Association with more than 30 of their over 50 centres on BusinessFormatFranchisesystem,applyingtheirmotto,SharingInTheName of Beauty, to the fullest Clara International Beauty Group Sdn Bhd 33, Jalan Kenari 22, Bandar Puchong Jaya 47100Puchong Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Tel +60380758333 Fax +60380758222 Website www. claraibg. com E-mail emailprotected com Moving Forward Continuous association with potential business partners crossways the region to make Clara International Beauty Group more accessible to a wider market as well as intensify its R&D into the skincare product range t its own plant/laboratory in order to remain relevant and compliant with all its market needs. AYS SDN BHD AYS Sdn Bhd, whose core business is in the frozen food industry, began its operations in 1996 in Selangor . Since its inception, the company has made inroads into many regional markets. Key person of the Company Mr. Liow Ren Jan AYS Sdn Bhd has as its Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Liow Ren Jan, a visionary gentleman with strategic plans of bringing the company to greater heights as the leading frozen meals specialist in ASEAN. As the CEO, he played a major role in formulating the companys vision To be the arket launching & development specialist in Asia, and leading provider of halal compliant productsandservicesinASEAN. The company markets its own brand of Halal frozen foods manufactured under the brand name of Sri Kulai, the first of its kind in the market. AYS also identifies itself as a food solutions provider for the food and F&B related industries, in line with its vision. To that effect, AYS offers its services to suffice new entries expand their business in this industry, and provides consultation on export development as well. The company had initiated its own licensing sys tem in 2009 nd hoped to promote that under the network brand of Sri Kulai Lifestyle Concept Outlets. Its 14 years of experience has certainly made it a subject matter expert in this field, in addition to its acute understanding of the diverse business and social culture of the region. Company Achievements The company can be proud of its achievements, being a newbie in the world of Halal food production. Since it began operations, the company has been given the sideline recognition SriKulaiReady-to-EatmealsisacknowledgedastheBest Halal Product 2009 and awarded the Halal Journal Award atthe4thWorldHalalForumGalaDinnerNightinKualaLumpur on May 4 2009. AYS was the first Asian company to win this award since its award inception in 2006. International Markets AYS markets it frozen meals products and its expertise to countries within the ASEAN region as well as to China and India. Moving Forward The Products The companys products and services can be categorised as follows Consultancy Ma rket entry & development specialist (Mergers & Acquisition) Agency trade & sourcing of Halal compliant products and services Manufacturer Microwaveable Halal frozen ready-to-eat wholesome complete meals under the brand name, Sri Kulai. AYS Sdn Bhd No. 6&18,JalanTembagaSD5/2H Bandar Sri Damansara 52200 Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Tel +60362721707(General) Fax +60362721708 Website www. ays. com. my E-mail emailprotected com. my AYS will continue with its plan to establish its network of Sri Kulai Lifestyle Concept Outlets that was launched on June 18th 2009, and has set its sight on 100 outlets within 5 years. Interested parties can enquire on the licensing system directly with the Licensing Development of the company. HEALWELL PHARMACEUTICALS SDN BHD PHARMACEUTICALS Healwell Pharmaceuticals was established in 1996 to manufacture and market gamat and its by-products on a ommercial basis. Gamat is a type of sea cucumber found in abundance in the waters off the shores of Langkawi, Kedah. After more than 10 years of R&D, Healwell Pharmaceuticals was able to market its products under the brand name of HEALINinMalaysia. Key person of the Company Prof. Dato Dr. Hassan Yaacob Healwell Pharmaceuticals was founded by Prof. Dato Dr. Hassan Yaacob, when he was still a Researcher at University Malaya. After many years of intensive R&D into the benefits of gamat, he turned entrepreneur and commercialised gamat and gamatbased products. He is a PhD holder in clinical Pharmacology rom Royal College of Surgeons of England, London. He is also an Executive Chairman/CEO of the Company. Over the years, the company has placed itself as a leading Bumiputra Company that markets high quality, trusted, ethical and halal natural-based products. Through prolonged R&D, the products were proven to enhance the bodys resistance towards various diseases besides having a cell growth factor. Healwell Pharmaceuticals has gained a reputation as a respected company, known for the introduction of new concepts of health and skin care focusing specially on sophistication, simple yet effective.The company operates out of Temasya Industry Park, Shah Alam Selangor and adopts a lean human resource policy of 50 workers comprising of a strong and resourceful team of management, marketing, production and logistic units. Prof. Hassan, the founder and CEO, believes in continuous improvements and never tire of doing R&D on gamat. It was no surprise that he was won a Gold typewriter ribbon in the MINDEX (Malaysian Invention and Discovery) Award 1994 and the Hitachi Science Fellowship Research Award 1995, Japan. Company Achievements 1. Halal Certification from JAKIM 2. Halal Certificate of legitimacy from HDC International MarketsThe Company promotes and distributes its range of 40 products via its 340 retail outlets aptly called House of Healin in Malaysia. Its products are sold directly to consumers. The Products Moving Forward Healwell Pharmaceuticals markets its products under th e following categories Their ultimate aim is to be the leader in high-tech health and skin care products. To this end, Healwell Pharmaceuticals will be introducing additional varieties of new products in the health care sector, including health supplements and branding them as a premier health care brand internationally. Allergicover 6 brands Daily call 8 brands External Use 5 brands Food Supplements 11 brands Health Drinks 1 brand Skin Care 3 brands Their ranges of Food Supplements are the most popular such as Gamogen, Gamalin Plus, Gamatol and Imutol. Healwell Pharmaceuticals Sdn Bhd No. 1,JalanKartunisU1/47 Sek. U1, Temasya Industrial Park 40150 Shah Alam Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Tel +603 5569 5580 Fax +603 5569 5581 Website www. healin. com. my E-mail emailprotected com. my HPA INDUSTRIES SDN BHD HPA began its humble beginning in Perlis in February 1996 as a cottage industry called Al Wahida Traditional Medicines. years later, HPA Industries Sdn Bhd was formed. The Groups principal activities are in the manufacturing and marketing of traditional herbs as alternative treatments as well as health products. Key person of the Company Tuan Haji Ismail Bin Haji Ahmad HPA Group of Companies was founded by Tuan Haji Ismail Bin Haji Ahmad, the son of a farmer who has extensive knowledge of local herbs and their benefits. He now sits as the Executive Chairman of the Group. He is aided in the marketing operations of the Group by Encik Mohd Faisol Bin Abdul Rahman, General Manager of Marketing In order to market its products and services better, and to each a wider spectrum of market, HPA Group subsequently set-up its own marketing company called Al Wahida Marketing Sdn Bhd in February 1996. This company has been licensed under Direct gross sales Act by Ministry of Home Affairs and Consumers to market HPA products through Multi Level Marketing Concept. HPA operates several plants throughout the country and in Cambodia, Brunei and Thailand. Its manpow er always ensure strict adherence to the Good Management Practises (GMP) standards. The plants have a combined production capacity of producing and packaging 900,000 products a month.Through its marketing arm, HPA Group of Companies was able to promote its products not only in the country but also throughout the region. The company has since expanded its business to include retail operations of food outlets and consumer products marketed under its own brand, groundwork. Company Achievements The company can be proud of its ability in developing small businesses through its smart association with members of its MLM business. To date, it has more than 600,000 registered members in Malaysia alone, and a total manpower strength of over 2,000 in all its plants that is an achievement in itself.Another accolade to its name is its entrance into the Malacca Halal Hub in Jasin, where it began operations of the plant there in this year and is an anchor plant to many small industries in the hu b. International Markets HPA Groups retails outlets are only available in the country, with its food outlet chain mostly found in theNorthernRegion. WithitsMLM business concept, the Group has been able to market its other range of products to countries such as Indonesia, Singapore, Cambodia, Thailand and Brunei. TheProducts The Group produces and markets its products under various business activities including, food and beverages uch as Radix Coffee, Radix Chicken House, Radix Oriental Restaurant, Al- Wahida Marketing, HPA Farm Sdn Bhd, HPA Food & Beverages Sdn Bhd, HPA Mall Sdn Bhd, and many more. HPA Industries Sdn Bhd Lot 1985, Jalan Jejawi Dalam 02600 Arau Perlis Indera Kayangan Malaysia Tel +6049776805 Fax +6049774121 Website www. hpa. com. my E-mail emailprotected com. my Moving Forward To continuously provide a platform for entrepreneurial development among those in the rural and urban areas, with the aim of creating a selfsustaining society. The company will also open up mor e food outlets and one-stop centres to better serve its embers and consumers. LEE KUM KEE (M) FOOD SDN BHD Key person of the Company Mr. Jeffrey Lee Lee Kum Kee Malaysia is headed by Mr. Jeffrey Lee, the General Manager for South East Asia, Middle East & Africa. He also oversees the operations of the Malaysian manufacturing plant, including that of Human Resource and Finance. Jeffrey obtained his Master of Science in International Business from the Chinese University of Hong Kong and has vast experiences in managing and leading the operations of international companies prior to Lee Kum Kee. Lee Kum Kee Group is a globally renowned enterprise ymbolizing true unmatched genuineness and quality. Since Mr. Lee Kum Sheung invented oyster sauce in Nanshui of Guangdong Province and set up the brand Lee Kum Kee in 1888, the Group has grown into a thriving brand with over 200 choices of sauces and condiments which are marketed to more than 100 countries and regions across five continents. Wi th Pragmatism, Integrity and Constant Entrepreneurship as its corporate values, Lee Kum Kee is committed to achieving its mission of Promoting Chinese cuisine worldwide and Advocating Chinese health regimen and nurturing healthier lives with balance, affluence and harmony.Equipped with a unique management culture, stringent quality control, superb and innovative products, and coupled with the century-long brand reputation, Lee Kum Kee has achieved unanimous recognition and won numerous reputable awards. Company Achievements Lee Kum Kee has achieved unanimous recognition and won numerous prestigious awards including 1. June 2005 Lee Kum Kees Malaysia Plant achieved HACCP certification for Oyster act and Vegetarian Oyster Flavored Sauce in bottling line from Ministry of Health of Malaysia 2. October 2005 Lee Kum Kee s Malaysia Plant achieved ISO 0012000 certification for manufacturing of sauces from SGS 3. 2005 Became Hong Kong Disneylands condiment supplier, the first internatio nal Hong Kong corporate partner of the theme park 4. 2005 China Condiment Industry Association granted Top Ten Soy Sauce Manufacturers Award and Top Ten Condiment Manufacturers award. In addition, Group Chairman Mr. Lee Man Tat was presented the Top Ten Figures Award 5. 2008 Lee Kum Kee was chosen as the Catering Supplier of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games 6. 2010 Lee Kum Kee was appointed as Official Qualified Supplier of Raw and Auxiliary Materials in Catering inShanghai World Expo 7. 2010 Lee Kum Kee Awarded 2010 Trusted Brand Gold Medal in Hong Kong for 12 consecutive years and 2010 Asias Trusted Brand Gold Medal by Readers Digest International Markets Lee Kum Kee produces sauces to cater to the local demand. Apart from Malaysia, Lee Kum Kee also exports the sauces to Singapore, Philippines, Cambodia, Thailand, Brunei, Vietnam and India. The Products Lee Kum Kee Group manufactures more than 200 sauces such as the oyster sauce, soy sauce, chilli sauce and more. In Malaysia, oyster sauce is the key product that is produced. Lee Kum Kee (M) Sdn Bhd Factory No. 8JalanHalba16/16 0200 Shah Alam Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Tel +603 5623 2288 Fax +603 5623 2299 pictorial WELLNESS HOLDINGS SDN BHD Key person of the Company Puan Shahnas Binti Oli Mohamad Natural Wellness is the precious child of two partners Dr Amr Yacout and Ms Shahnas Oli Mohamed. As the Chairman of NaturalWellnessandagastroenterologist by professional training, Dr. Amr Yacout brings with him a wealth of more than 20 years international experience in the pharmaceutical industry. A seasoned businessman with extensive knowledge in the global healthcare market, Dr Amr Yacout takes on the role of advisor and mastermindbehindNaturalWellness.The Natural Wellness operations is spearheaded by Shahnas bt Oli Mohamed, a Bumiputera woman entrepreneur and a licensed pharmacist by profession, who was recently named the Asia Pacific Most Promising Entrepreneur 2010. She oversees the daily operations of the company in her capacity as Managing Director. Shahnas is a trained pharmacist with more than 10 years experience including international stints and has been instrumental in the setting up of the company. Natural Wellness Holdings Sdn Bhd, also known as Nutrivention Sdn Bhd, is the mother company to the Natural Wellness group of companies that are involvedinthehealthcarebusiness.NaturalWellnessIndustrieshasawiderange of Halal certified products including cosmetics, supplements, health food and beverages and also over the counter products. Natural Wellness Biotech, the inquiry arm of the group, is actively involved in identifying and developing new medicines to improve health through scientific innovations on the principles of pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics. This is in parallel with the Natural Wellness mission to provide high quality, innovative, uptodate healthcare products at an affordable price to the communities they operate in.Formed and managed on the way of life ba sed on the principles of compliance to the syariah, Natural Wellness strives to develop innovative products while infusing into the entire process and across the value chain syariah compliance thusembarkingonacontinuouslifelongjourneyofdevotion. NaturalWellness unshakeable belief is that continuous efforts to seek the pleasure of Allah SWT will spur the achievement of unity of purpose both of dunya with akhira as well as personal and organisational values.The practice of Islamic principles are clearly seen in the companys values which include product leadership, operational excellence and customer intimacy. It is this aspect of using existing knowledge derived from the Al-Quran and Al-Sunnah that has led to the implementation of unconventional and innovative management principles at all levels of the organisation in comparison to the norms of todays business practices. OneoftheproudestmomentsforNaturalWellnesswaswhenthecompanywas recently awarded the SME Innovation Award for Halal P roducts and Services in June2010thusplacingNaturalWellnessasaformidableplayerandaleaderi theHalalindustry. ThisawardrecognizestheeffortsmadebyNaturalWellnessto remain syariah compliant throughout the business process without merely being limited to their products being Halal certified. NaturalWellnessbelievestheir slewaretheforceandstrengthbehindthepower they exuberate. Efforts are concentrated on developing unripened talent into highly skilled knowledge workers in parallel to the requirements of Islamic Leadership PrinciplesastheNaturalWellnesscorporatesocialcontributiontowardsbuilding a strong ummah while serving the needs of 1. 6 meg Moslems across the world.Natural Wellness is but a small company with a big dream perhaps we may serve as an example to Moslems across the globe that it is possible to go back to basics in business and succeed in todays world. Insya Allah. Company Achievements MS 19002005 Quality Management Systems Requirements from Islamic Perspectives (the first company in Malaysia to attain such certification in 2008) Halal certification by JAKIM in accordance to the requirements of the MS 15002004 Halal Food Production, Preparation, Handling and Storage General Guidelines ISO 90012008 Quality Management SystemsGood Manufacturing Practices (GMP Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility) PIC/s) certification (OTC Bionexus status 1-Innocert (Grade A) certification Products are approved by the Ministry of Health Malaysia in accordance to the requirements of the Sale of Drugs Acts 1952 and the Control of Drugs and Cosmetics Regulation 1984 Registered Bumiputera company in various codes with the Ministry of Finance Malaysia International Markets NaturalWellnesscurrentlyexportstheir products to the UAE, China, Australia, Japan, Thailand, Indonesia, Singapore and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Moving ForwardThe Products NaturalWellnessformulates,producesandmanufacturesacomprehensiverange of syariah compliant natural products including health supplem ents, nutraceuticals, cosmeceuticals, herbaceuticals, health food and beverages made from the finest organic, ethically crafted and best quality standardized natural extracts in their quest to make people healthy naturally. Natural Wellness also offers customers private formulation services from laboratory conception to commercial production, and boasts a customer list which includes large global multi level marketing corporations and international brands.TheNaturalWellnessvisionistobeaninnovative,diversifiedsyariahcompliantplayer in niche market segments of the healthcare industry offering the community high quality, affordable products while fulfilling the communal fardhu kifayah obligation. ThisendeavourhasfurtherspurredNaturalWellnesstoactivelydevelopandpursue the niche market of Islamic Medicine by focusing their own research efforts as well as collaborations with local and foreign institutions of higher learning in the area of Medicine of the Prophet (pbuh) NaturalWellnessHold ingsSdnBhd 78,JalanKilangMidah,TamanMidah 56000 Cheras Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Tel +60391715329Fax +60391714073 Website www. mynaturalwellness. com E-mail emailprotected com Natural Wellness is currently a formulator, a manufacturer that thrives on a B2B business model. More and more the company strives to diversify and expand its customer portfolio. Natural Wellness has also embarked into product marketing and the global export business by having their own product line both for local and export, with an aggressive branding exercise to strengthen the Natural Wellness name to their consumers. In the long term Natural Wellness aims to have its own high technology manufacturing facility of biotechnology nd life sciences and hopes one day to be the Malaysian pioneer in the development of new chemical entities. SYDNEY CAKE HOUSE SDN BHD Sydney Cake House Sdn Bhd was incorporated in 1982 and started out as a small bakery in the heart of Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia. Its principal activ ity then was in the baking of cakes and breads. The in 1993, the bakery which has since grown, incited to its own factory in Shah Alam, Selangor. Key person of the Company madam jenny ass Chuang The person behind Sydney Cake House Sdn Bhd is a very far-sighted and determined enterprising lady who founded a cake shop and turned that into a hriving success. Madam Jenny Chuang is the founder and owner of this chain of bakery that has now evolved to become one of the nations leading Halal bakery producers. The move also signify another milestone for the company when in 1994, they started manufacturing frozen food products, foreseeing the emergence of the frozen food industry. Since then, the company has expanded its business activities to include producing frozen foods as well as Halal bakery products. These products are marketed under the brand name of makcik, which in English means aunty which creates a rather homely feeling to the products.Over the years too, the plant has been up graded with stateof-the-art technology and equipment as the company moved along with the changing business environment. The foresight of Madam Jenny Cheung led to the company investing heavily in R&D which emphasize on products, process, machinery, systems and quality, thus enabling the company to innovative in its processes, products and distributions. From a humble small time cake and pastry manufacturer, the company has grown tremendously to be one of the nations leading food & beverage player both on the home front as well as globally. Sydney Cake House can proudly dedicate he growth of the company to the commitment and support of their staff force of 100 people, their other stakeholders as well as the visionary leadership of its founder. Company Achievements Sydney Cake House Sdn Bhd has been award and certified with the following certifications ISO 22000 2005 Food Safety Management System by SIRIM HACCP MS 14801999 by SIRIM HALAL certified by JAKIM Through continuous developm ent and innovation, the company has been awarded the Golden Bull Award by the Selangor State Government for the Product Creativity Award, and also clinched the Selangor Innovative Product Excellence Award in 2005.International Markets Sydney Cake House markets its products locally as well as globally. In the local market, the products are distributed through 500 retail outlets namely, via hypermarkets & supermarkets, 7-11 convenience stores, airlines companies, hotels, chained stores and many others. The Products The company offers the following range of products and services Frozen Products Danish & Puff pastries, Traditional shell curry puffs, Pizza, Buns & Breads and Doughnuts. Ready-to-eat Products Cakes, Muffins, Tartlets, Traditional finger food, Local delicacies and all frozen products. Sydney Cake House also provides training to rospective bakers and franchise owners with a better understanding and handling of their products. Sydney Cake House Sdn Bhd 13-17,JalanWardenU1/76 Taman Perindustrian Batu Tiga 40150 Shah Alam Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Tel +603 5512 6852 Fax +603 5519 2063 E-mail emailprotected net. my emailprotected com Website www. makcik. com Its export markets of more than 10 countries include Singapore, Australia, Hong Kong, Taiwan, China, the United Kingdom, America and the Middle East countries. Moving Forward Sydney Cake House Sdn Bhd plan to be the market leader in the Halal frozen bakery food management ndustry. The company aims to provide a comprehensive range of services which among other things include designing, manufacturing, and distribution of Halal certified healthy food products locally and globally. BIOFACT LIFE SDN BHD BioFact Life Sdn Bhd was incorporated in Malaysia under the Company Act 1965 on first February 2005. BioFact Life Sdn Bhd pioneered and specialises in the laboratory finish of cordyceps (Dong Chong Xia Cao). The company is one of the pioneer biotechnology companies in the world to employ the latest bi otechnology techniques in cordyceps cultivation at reduced cost and improved quality.Key person of the Company Mr. Vince Chua Biofact Life Sdn Bhd was founded by a very young and enterprising gentleman who is also the Managing Director of the company, Mr. Vince Chua. Although Vince is not professionally trained in the fields of science, biotechnology, manufacturing, marketing and branding, his entrepreneurial foresight drove him to run an operation in all these fields. He is the yeasty mover in successfully changing consumers behaviors toward traditional herbs, by having extensive biotechnology research & development in analyzing these herbs, coupled with strong branding which give birth to the ew brand name in the herbal health supplement industry timo. The cordyceps are cultivated under low temperature and oxygen conditions and in specially-designed environment that is free from chemical pollution as well as yeast, mould and bacterial contamination. BioFact Lifes business encomp asses a seed-to-shelf approach and as such the company is fully committed to extensive research and development in the production, manufacturing and marketing of BioFact Life cordyceps. To this end, BioFact Life has set up two major divisions, namely a Research and Development division which is primarily responsible for ordyceps cultivation research and a manufacturing division which is responsible for a broad range of herbal products. BioFact Lifes manufacturing plant is GMP and ISO 220002005-certified, and thus the quality, safety and efficacy of their manufactured products in the form of capsule, liquid, powder, tablets, pills and ointment are maintained. BioFact Life is also one of the largest herbal healthcare product distributors in Malaysia and has an outstanding track record in offering OEM services. Company Achievements Among the notable achievements of the company are GMP certification in 2010 GoldenBullawardin2009atthe7thMalaysias100th Outstanding SME event ISO 22000200 5 certification awarded to the company that will expire only in 2012 BioNexusstatusin2007 MalaysiaBookofWorldRecordsin2007asthe1st company to cultivate cordyceps in the laboratory International Markets Biofact Life promotes and distributes its range of products under the brand name of Timo (reg. ) among local consumers of herbal wellness products. In November 2009, the company signed an agreement to launch its products in Vietnam.. Aside from that, Biofact Lifes range of products can also be found in the ASEANcountries.The Products Moving Forward The companys range of wellness products can be categorised into the following series 1. General Health series Cordyceps King, Cordyceps Essentials 2. Functional Health series Cordyceps Energy Plus, Cordyceps Brefwell, Cordyceps Steles Plus 3. mens Health series Men Plus, Men Plus Essentials 4. Womens Health series Happy Lady, Femm Plus Cordyceps, Prolongevity 5. Kids Health series IQ Gummy 6. TeaseriesCordycepsNTAgingTea,Cordyceps L unger Tea, Cordyceps Immuno Tea BioFact Life Sdn Bhd Sales Office Lot 5094, Kawasan Perindustrian Parit Jamil 84150 Muar Johor Darul Takzim MalaysiaTel +6069872588 Fax +6069875788 E-mail emailprotected com. my Toll-free 1 300 88 8466 The company will continue to uphold and pursue its business ism of producing excellent quality products. The company believe that scientific and total quality management systems are the keys to achieve this goal. In that respect, they have established a quality control laboratory to ensure that the products which leave the factory premises are of consistently high quality. All raw materials are sent to the laboratory for limited review and only after they are passed by the laboratory can they be processed in the production line.Biofact Life is committed to the superior quality of its products as it believes that the key to the success of any product in the market is in its quality. ECOLITE MANUFACTURING S DN BHD Ecolite Biotech Manufacturing Sdn Bhd w as incorporated on November 2001. Its principal activities being in the product research and development as well as the production and distribution of birds nest, seek and chicken essences as well as herbal health supplement products. Key person of the Company Mr. Yon Yen Peng Ecolite Biotech Manufacturing Sdn Bhd is a 100% Malaysian company with its daily business operations spearhead by Mr. Yon Yen Peng n his capacity as the Managing Director of the company. Of late, the company is also involved in the investment of birds houses, management of triad parties birds houses and the trading of birds nests. With the new business activities, the company has embarked into profit-sharing ventures with third parties in the rearing of birds where income is also derived from harvesting of birds nests and trading of the birds nests. The company has three wholly owned subsidiaries namely, 1. Ecolite Pharma Sdn Bhd which is involved in the trading of instant birds nest, tilt and chicken essen ce and traditional herbal health supplement roducts of sub-brands other than the Ecolite brand 2. Ecolite Marketing Sdn Bhd which is primarily in the trading of cleaned birds nest, fish and chicken essence and herbal drinks under the Ecolite brand and 3. Ecolite Birdnest Sdn Bhd which is newly formed for the rearing of birds, harvesting and trading of birds nests. Company Achievements Ecolite Biotech Manufacturing Sdn Bhds production systems are HACCP, GMP and HALAL certified and approved by relevant ministries and agencies. International Markets 70%ofthecompanysproductsaremarketed locally with the remaining being exported to the international markets which include toSingapore, Indonesia, Vietnam, Taiwan and China. In the strain are plans to introduce its products to Dubai. Moving Forward Our mission is to produce the most hygienic, chemical-free and purest birds nest and best quality herbal supplements for the holistic wellness of their customers while safeguarding the environment . The Products Birds Nest EcoliteInstantPureBirdsNest, EcoliteConcentratedBirdsNestwithRockSugar EcolitePipagaowithBirdsNestPlus EcoliteBirdsNestwithAmericanGinseng,WhiteFungus and Rock Sugar EcoliteBirdsNestExtractwithCollagen EcolitePureBirdsNest Herbal Health products

A Game of Thrones Chapter Ten

JonJon climbed the steps slowly, trying non to value that this might be the uttermost time ever. haunt padded silently beside him. Outside, snow swirled through the castle gates, and the yard was all noise and chaos, but inside the thick stone walls it was steady w offshoot and quiet. Too quiet for Jons liking.He reached the landing and stood for a long moment, afraid. Ghost nuzzled at his hand. He took courage from that. He straightened, and entered the room.Lady Stark was there beside his bed. She had been there, day and night, for close on a fortnight. Not for a moment had she left Brans side. She had her meals brought to her there, and chamber pots as well, and a small hard bed to residue on, though it was said she had scarcely slept at all. She fed him herself, the honey and water and herb mixture that sustained life. Not once did she leave the room. So Jon had stayed away. notwithstanding now there was no more time.He stood in the door for a moment, afraid to speak, afra id to come closer. The idle wordsow was open. Below, a wolf howled. Ghost heard and lifted his head.Lady Stark looked over. For a moment she did not bring downm to recognize him. Finally she blinked. What are you doing here? she asked in a piece strangely flat and emotionless.I came to see Bran, Jon said. To dictate good-bye.Her face did not change. Her long auburn hair was dull and tangled. She looked as though she had aged cardinal years. Youve said it. Now go away.Part of him wanted only to flee, but he knew that if he did he might never see Bran again. He took a nervous step into the room. Please, he said.Something cold moved in her eyes. I told you to leave, she said. We dont want you here.Once that would comport sent him running. Once that might even progress to make him cry. Now it only made him angry. He would be a Sworn Brother of the Nights Watch soon, and face worse dangers than Catelyn Tully Stark. Hes my brother, he said.Shall I surround the guards?Call them, Jo n said, defiant. You cant stop me from seeing him. He crossed the room, keeping the bed between them, and looked down on Bran where he lay.She was holding one of his hands. It looked like a claw. This was not the Bran he remembered. The flesh had all gone(p) from him. His skin stretched tight over bones like sticks. Under the blanket, his legs bent in ways that made Jon sick. His eyes were sunken deep into black pits open, but they saw nothing. The fall had shrunken him somehow. He looked half a leaf, as if the first strong wind would carry him off to his grave.Yet under the frail cage of those shattered ribs, his titty rose and fell with each shallow breath.Bran, he said, Im sorry I didnt come before. I was afraid. He could feel the tears rolling down his cheeks. Jon no longer cared. Dont die, Bran. Please. Were all waiting for you to wake up. Me and Robb and the girls, everyone . . . Lady Stark was watching. She had not raised a cry. Jon took that for acceptance. Outside the win dow, the direwolf howled again. The wolf that Bran had not had time to name.I have to go now, Jon said. Uncle Benjen is waiting. Im to go north to the Wall. We have to leave today, before the snows come. He remembered how excited Bran had been at the prospect of the journey. It was more than he could bear, the thought of leaving him behind like this. Jon brushed away his tears, leaned over, and kissed his brother lightly on the lips.I wanted him to stay here with me, Lady Stark said softly.Jon watched her, wary. She was not even looking at him. She was talking to him, but for a part of her, it was as though he were not even in the room.I prayed for it, she said dully. He was my special boy. I went to the sept and prayed seven times to the seven faces of god that Ned would change his mind and leave him here with me. Sometimes prayers are answered.Jon did not know what to say. It wasnt your fault, he managed after an awkward silence.Her eyes found him. They were full of poison. I nee d none of your absolution, bastard.Jon lowered his eyes. She was cradling one of Brans hands. He took the other, squeezed it. Fingers like the bones of birds. Good-bye, he said.He was at the door when she called bulge to him. Jon, she said. He should have kept going, but she had never called him by his name before. He turned to find her looking at his face, as if she were seeing it for the first time.Yes? he said.It should have been you, she told him. thence she turned cover version to Bran and began to weep, her whole body shaking with the sobs. Jon had never seen her cry before.It was a long walk down to the yard.Outside, everything was noise and confusion. Wagons were world loaded, men were shouting, horses were being harnessed and saddled and led from the stables. A light snow had begun to fall, and everyone was in an uproar to be off.Robb was in the middle of it, shouting commands with the best of them. He seemed to have grown of late, as if Brans fall and his bugger offs collapse had somehow made him stronger. Grey Wind was at his side.Uncle Benjen is looking for you, he told Jon. He wanted to be gone an hour ago.I know, Jon said. Soon. He looked around at all the noise and confusion. Leaving is harder than I thought.For me too, Robb said. He had snow in his hair, melting from the heat of his body. Did you see him?Jon nodded, not trusting himself to speak.Hes not going to die, Robb said. I know it.You Starks are hard to kill, Jon agreed. His voice was flat and tired. The visit had countn all the strength from him.Robb knew something was wrong. My mother . . . She was . . . very kind, Jon told him.Robb looked relieved. Good. He smiled. The next time I see you, youll be all in black.Jon forced himself to smile back. It was always my color. How long do you think it will be?Soon enough, Robb promised. He pulled Jon to him and embraced him fiercely. Farewell, Snow.Jon hugged him back. And you, Stark. Take care of Bran.I will. They broke apart and looked at each other awkwardly. Uncle Benjen said to send you to the stables if I saw you, Robb finally said.I have one more farewell to make, Jon told him.Then I havent seen you, Robb replied. Jon left him standing there in the snow, surrounded by wagons and wolves and horses. It was a short walk to the armory. He picked up his package and took the covered bridge across to the Keep.Arya was in her room, packing a polished ironwood chest that was bigger than she was. Nymeria was helping. Arya would only have to point, and the wolf would bound across the room, snatch up some wisp of silk in her jaws, and fetch it back. But when she smelled Ghost, she sat down on her haunches and yelped at them.Arya glanced behind her, saw Jon, and jumped to her feet. She threw her skinny arms tight around his neck. I was afraid you were gone, she said, her breath catching in her throat. They wouldnt let me out to say good-bye.What did you do now? Jon was amused.Arya disentangled herself from him and made a face. Nothing. I was all packed and everything. She gestured at the huge chest, no more than a third full, and at the enclothe that were scattered all over the room. Septa Mordane says I have to do it all over. My things werent properly folded, she says. A proper southron lady doesnt just throw her clothes inside her chest like old rags, she says.Is that what you did, little sister?Well, theyre going to get all messed up anyway, she said. Who cares how theyre folded?Septa Mordane, Jon told her. I dont think shed like Nymeria helping, either. The she-wolf regarded him silently with her lowering golden eyes. Its just as well. I have something for you to take with you, and it has to be packed very carefully.Her face lit up. A present?You could call it that. tight the door.Wary but excited, Arya checked the hall. Nymeria, here. Guard. She left the wolf out there to warn of intruders and closed the door. By then Jon had pulled off the rags hed wrapped it in. He held it out to her.Ary as eyes went wide. Dark eyes, like his. A sword, she said in a small, hushed breath.The scabbard was soft grey leather, supple as sin. Jon drew out the stain slowly, so she could see the deep blue sheen of the steel. This is no toy, he told her. Be careful you dont cut yourself. The edges are sharp enough to shave with.Girls dont shave, Arya said. peradventure they should. Have you ever seen the septas legs?She giggled at him. Its so skinny.So are you, Jon told her. I had Mikken make this special. The bravos use swords like this in Pentos and Myr and the other Free Cities. It wont hack a mans head off, but it can poke him full of holes if youre fast enough.I can be fast, Arya said.Youll have to work at it every day. He locate the sword in her hands, showed her how to hold it, and stepped back. How does it feel? Do you like the balance?I think so, Arya said.First lesson, Jon said. Stick them with the pointy end.Arya gave him a whap on the arm with the flat of her blade. The blow st ung, but Jon found himself grinning like an idiot. I know which end to use, Arya said. A doubtful look crossed her face. Septa Mordane will take it away from me.Not if she doesnt know you have it, Jon said.Who will I practice with?Youll find someone, Jon promised her. Kings Landing is a true city, a thousand times the size of it of Winterfell. Until you find a partner, watch how they fight in the yard. Run, and ride, make yourself strong. And whatever you do . . . Arya knew what was coming next. They said it together. . . . dont . . . tell . . . SansaJon messed up her hair. I will devolve you, little sister.Suddenly she looked like she was going to cry. I wish you were coming with us.Different roads sometimes lead to the same castle. Who knows? He was feeling best now. He was not going to let himself be sad. I better go. Ill spend my first year on the Wall emptying chamber pots if I keep Uncle Ben waiting any longer.Arya ran to him for a last hug. Put down the sword first, Jon wa rned her, laughing. She set it aside almost shyly and showered him with kisses.When he turned back at the door, she was holding it again, trying it for balance. I almost forgot, he told her. All the best swords have names.Like Ice, she said. She looked at the blade in her hand. Does this have a name? Oh, tell me.Cant you guess? Jon teased. Your very favorite thing.Arya seemed puzzled at first. Then it came to her. She was that quick. They said it togetherNeedleThe memory of her laughter warmed him on the long ride north.

Contract Law Free on Board Fob Cif

In this case study, Patina is the vendor and Luca is the buyer under an FOB (Free on Board) agreement. worldwide picture of a FOB contract can be congregated from the case of Wimble & Sons v Rosenberg & Sons which describes it as a contract for the sale of goods where the seller which in this case is Patina who agrees to deliver the goods over the ships rail in and the buyer or Luca in this stance agrees to convey it overseas.According to English law, the case of Pyrene v Scindia defines a classic FOB contract which has occurred in this case study between Patina and Luca as the seller (Patina) draws up the contract with Luca who then nominates a vessel. If the buyer in a FOB agreement fails to nominate a ship within the actual contracted time then the contract may corroborate effectively repudiated. The seller or Patina in this case would endure been legally allowed to sell goods to a third party thus re bounce backing any losings from the buyer.The Incoterms definition of a F OB is basically deprived of the seller being the shipper or transporter of the goods and the buyers duty is to nominate a vessel as it is described in Pyrenes case. The main issue in this case is the transfer of hazard from the seller (Patina) towards the seller (Luca). And furthermore it will be argued in regard to case law and statues. According to an FOB agreement, risk is transferred at the point where the goods cross the ships rail. Plaintiff in the case of Pyrene & Co v Scindia Steam Navigation Co sued the defendant carrier and was victorious in recovering return of ? 00 as the defendant was found to be apt(predicate) as he showed negligence while loading the goods and and so the goods were damaged when they reached the plaintiff. Develin J in Pyrenes case judged that the liability of negligence would extend to cover up damages if the goods are damaged during the process of loading either side of the ships rail. This was the point in English law where the difficulty of ri sk bearing arose as it was difficult to decide if the goods lean back over the ships rail and fall on the dock.In an FOB contract, goods which devote passed the ships rail and are then damaged then the buyer is responsible for all the red or damage even if the goods fall on the deck plainly if the goods fall on the wharf or water then the seller has to bears the losses. Conflicts basically arise when both the parties fail to understand the workings of the ships rail concept. Case of Thermo Engineers Ltd v Ferry Masters Limited explains this concept perfectly. The facts of this case were that an English seller of a heat exchanger decides to enter in a FOB agreement with a buyer located in Denmarks city of Copenhagen.The heat exchanger was carried by trailer onto the vessel which had a damaged lower deck. The damage was covered by the high calibre of the Hague-Visby rules as they provide that the carrier is only liable from the point where the goods are laughable on the ships and as the trailer had crossed the rails of the ship when the damage was done which relieved the burden of risk from road provisions authority which would have been liable if the damage would have occurred prior to the crossing of the ships rail. Due to uncertainty a new term of FCA (Free carrier) Incoterm was developed in order to provide an alternative to FOB.This was one of the major developments in multinational Trade Law after 1936 when Incoterms were first introduced to define costs, risks and obligations of buyers and sellers in transnational transactions. Legal duties of Patina under a classic FOB contract are to ship goods of contractual description at port of shipment. Section 13 of the Sale of goods act 1979 provides that the goods should meet to the description which is present in the contract. Accordingly to Section 15A of Sale of goods act 1979, a breach if there is minor and a breach of warranty sooner than a breach of condition.Thus does not allow the buyer to reject the goods. Sellers delivery to the shipment place is a condition and if Patina would have delivered to a different place then Luca would have been legally allowed to claim damages. An other duty of a seller or Patina in this case is to remuneration handling and transportation costs. This includes the cost of loading and stevedoring. Its the duty of Luca to make arrangements for shipping and therefore communication in this instance is important as a seller is instructed by the buyer to ship the goods within the time frame stated by the buyer.On the other hand when the goods are loaded the buyer should be informed by the seller of the shipment under S32 (3) of the Sale of goods act 1979, however this section does not impose any liability if Patina failed to advise Lucas of the shipment. After the judgment by Buckley LJ in the case of Wimble, Sons and Co Ltd v Rosenberg and Sons it was decided that section S32(3) of the Sale of goods act 1979 would never apply to a FOB contracts. Re medies available for Patina provided by the Sale of goods act 1979 is that Lucas can be sued on the grounds of non counterbalancement or for damages for non-acceptance.It is duty of a buyer which in this case is Lucas to make payments to Patina for the goods upon passing of the ships rail under a FOB. Luca can obtain damages for faulty goods or for the whole delivery if the goods are not of satisfactory quality stated in the contract description. If Patina has retained the bill of lading then the risk will nevertheless pass when the goods cross the ships rail. One important difference in English law and Incoterms 2000 is that Incoterms have much clearer rules as who is responsible for obtaining an export license.It is legal duty of Patina to ship goods of contract description, prepare invoices and to have check, pack, mark and delivers the goods but the packing was ripped of some goods which reached Luca so Patina can be legally bound to pay damages. Section 35A (b) of the sale of goods acts provides that if the buyer accepts some of the goods, including, where there are any goods unaffected by breach, all such goods, he does not by accepting them lose his right to reject the rest. Lucas can only reject defective goods not whole consignment or when the difference in quantity is least as stated in section 30 of the sale of goods act 1979.United Nations convention on contracts for the International sale of goods article 66 provides that any loss or damage after the risk has passed to the buyer does not discharge Lucas from his obligation to pay the price, unless the damage or loss is due to an act or omission of the seller. According to article 68 of the same convention, if Patina was aware of the damage or loss to the goods at that time but does not disclose to the buyer then Patina can be liable for the damage to the goods. Article 74 inform of the damages available to the injured party.Damages for breach of contract by one party consist of a sum equal to th e loss, including loss of profit, suffered by the other party as a consequence of the breach. Article 77 allows reduction in damages if the party relying on a breach of contract is not able to take reasonable measures in order to mitigate a loss. Article 79 further strengthens Patinas legal position and as it allows exemptions to those seller who can prove that the damage to goods were beyond their control or have been able to avoid it. In this case an objective consideration would have been interpreted into account.Lucas should inform Patina of any lack of conformity within a reasonable time and no later than two years after he receives goods. If a breach is found to be a fundamental one than Patina can be deprived from what it expected to receive under the contract. The convention therefore would not have been forceful in forcing a claim which was not known to the seller or Patina and the contract then would have been frustrated or else than breached. If Lucas decides to return t he goods than benefits deprived must be accountable. Word count 1443 wordsBibliography * Murray, Dixon, Timson-Hunt, Holloway, (2007), Schmitthoffs Export Trade, 11th Edition Sweet & Maxwell ISBN9780421893207 * Carr, I, (2009), Principles of International Trade Law, 4th Edition, Cavendish Publishing Ltd * Chuah, J, (2009), Law of International Trade, 4th Edition, Sweet & Maxwell Ltd * Dockray, M, Cases and Materials on the Carriage of Goods by Sea, 3rd ed. , Cavendish Publishing Ltd 2004 * Wilson, J, Carriage of Goods by Sea, 6th ed. , Pitman 2007 * Sale of Goods Act 1979 (amended) * Incoterms 1990 & 2000

Customer Perception Essay

ABSTRACTRecent advance workforcets in technology bring on facilitated commerce around the globe. The online medium of commerce has provided and depart continue to provide great opportunities for consumers and businesses. However, thither argon a enumerate of issues that need to be addressed before the advantages of online surf can be fully realized. One significant aspect is consumer cognizance of online obtain. The purpose of this paper is to examine the online obtain perception of consumers who shop from tralatitious stores. A review was conducted in shop malls in the southeast region of the United States. The results show a electropositive perception of offline consumers toward online shopping. In addition, the results coincide with national trends for online shopping which show many an(prenominal) handed-down shoppers gather information on products and services online, entirely still make the bribe on grade in a tralatitious setting by visiting a store.Keywords Perception of shopping, Offline shopping consumers, Online increasing numbers of customers. Many traditional businesses are reacting by going online to remain competitive (Schoenbachler and Gordon 2002). Advancements in technology enable clothe stores, for instance, to im fold up their online services by using personalized virtual models allowing consumers to visualize the product on the model to determine correct sizing and fit (Kim and Kim 2004 for a trend forecast of the online apparel industry, see Newbery 2004). In general, online businesses much(prenominal) as Dell are able to mass customize because of current technology and allege customers basically a build-to- severalise service. Retail based e-commerce sites also try to serve customers by providing a personal shopper.As the shopper searches for an item of interest online, similar or complementing products are suggested. This personal oneness-on-one customized assistance might want more than knowledgeable staff in a t raditional store and might require an increase in the costs of products to compensate for the increase staffing costs. The profits has influenced the life of everyone in the recent eld and has impacted style of consumers (Garrett and Parrott 2005).In general, three types of consumers in regard to their shopping habits can be classified (Lepkowska-White 2004) Online shoppers, i.e. those who secure regularly online Online browsers, who mainly use the network as a source of information but prefer to conduct their transactions in traditional stores Hard core offline shoppers, comprised of the continuously diminishing group of individuals, who do not use the resources of the internet any for information gathering or for shopping purposes These different groups show different characteristics and will need to be addressed differently to optimize or take off online shopping behavior. This bailiwick focuses on the traditional consumers who prefer shopping onsite. It is important to k now their perception toward online shopping and their classifications of online browsers or hard core offline shoppers. In addition, the factors preventing them from shopping online are important to understand.INTRODUCTION The rise in internet access and online commerce possibilities in recent years has made online shopping a study opportunity for businesses and has changed the way that consumers go about acquiring goods and services (Garrett and Parrott 2005 Schoenbachler and Gordon 2002). For consumers, online shopping provides more flexibility and opportunity (Stafford, Turan, and Raisinghani 2004). For example, consumers can shop with increased knowledge of products through and through online research and place less reliance on salespersons. If they wish to make a purchase, consumers are not restricted by time, distance, or location (Kim and Kim 2004 Schoenbachler and Gordon 2002). Furthermore, online stores do not incur costs such as store staffing, maintenance, and inventory and might be able to specialize in items and extreme sizes that would not be practical for traditional stores to carry. Amazon and eBay are examples of successful online retailers that use low-priced items and large stocks to attract and halt customers. Online commerce is expanding and is attractingOnline obtain Perceptions of Offline ShoppersThe findings of this study should help make and encouraging more people to shop online. Reasons for not shopping online might include a lack of interest and knowledge about information processing systems or the internet or going online for research purposes only. The foregoing discussion therefore suggests the following research questions (RQs) RQ1 Are offline shoppers computer and internet literate? RQ2 Do offline shoppers go online? RQ3 Do offline shoppers access the internet for purposes other than purchasing? RQ4 Are there certain distinguishing characteristics between online and traditional shoppers (defined as online browsers and offl ine shoppers) in regard to online shopping? In order to answer the above RQs the following two major hypotheses are tested. H01 Offline shoppers are computer and internet illiterate H02 Offline shoppers do not go online RELATED literary worksThe number of internet users and online shoppers are increasing significantly every year. U.S. consumers are spending billions of dollars online each year (Preston-Hubbard, 2004). The internet retail sale is increasing quickly to the extent that this increase is realized and measured by quarter and not year. (Tamini, Sebastianelli, and Rajan 2005). Currently, many Americans have internet access and the number of households to have access to internet will increase significantly in the years to come (Lepkowska-White 2004). An increasing percentage of those who are currently connected, shop online, i.e. use the internet to complete at least one purchase per month (Lepkowska-White 2004).Similar numbers are available for the European market, where , a significant number of internet users are shopping online (Monsuwe, Dellaert, and Ruyter 2004). For example, in Germany, retail sales of textiles, electronic products and durables via the internet has increased significantly in recent years (Reinhardt 2004). A significantly high number of individuals, sometimes referred to as online browsers in the literature (e.g. Lepkowska-White 2004), avail themselves of the resources provided by the internet to check products or compare prices (Jaillet 2003). A study by Pew network and American Life Project suggests that most online browsers need about one to Volume X, No. 2, 2009 23 three years to become online shoppers (LepkowskaWhite 2004). Depending on how many of those individuals can be turned into online shoppers, predictions for online sales vary widely from $81 billion in 2005 (Bellman, Lohse, and Johnson 1999 Monsuwe, Dellaert, and Ruyter 2004) to as much as $269 billion in 2006 (Lepkowska-White 2004). Consequently, there is a hug e market to be explored.However, businesses must be aware of perceptions and concerns regarding online shopping of traditional shoppers, and the online browsers. In order to capitalize on this potential in the best possible way, various models and frameworks for analysis have been presented in the recent literature on the topic (Chiang, Dholakia 2003 Zhou, Chiang, Zhang 2004). Monsuwe, Dellaert, and Ruyter (2004) have suggested a framework for consumers intentions to shop online which draws on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), popular in the field of Information Systems. According to this framework, utilitarian dimensions such as usefulness and ease of use of the site and hedonic dimensions such as enjoyment together with the consumers traits shape the consumers post towards online shopping. Situational factors trust in online shopping, product characteristics and previous online shopping go across affect the final decision to conclude the transaction online or not.Lepkowska- White (2004) divides variables for the analysis of online shopping behavior into supply and demand factors, with supply factors meaning web human body and technical aspects and demand factors referring to consumer factors, such as social fundamental interaction, and product/service determinants, such as selection of products available online. Despite different naming conventions, the literature on the topic agrees that the 24/7 availability of products and information about products have changed the retail industry and consumer shopping. Most stores feel they cannot afford not to be online, even if for information purposes only (Schoenbachler and Gordon 2002).Generally, time and location constraints, convenience, availability of products, incentive programs and easy comparison of product information induce shoppers to shop online (Huang, Schrank, Dubinsky 2004 Kim and Kim 2004 Levin, Levin, and Heath 2003). Shoppers are sideing for hassle free, accurate transactions, proper let o n of sufficient information and efficient download times for sites in their online experience (Tamini, Sebastianelli, and Rajan 2005). Regarding price, the literature cites both get prices as incentives for shopping online (GfK 2004 Girard, Silverblatt, and Korgaonkar 2002 Kim and Kim 2004) as well as a lesser degree of price sensitivity of online shoppers Issues in Information Systems due to the added convenience. In addition, online browsers display a higher degree of price sensitivity compared to online shoppers but lesser degree of time sensitivity (Lepkowska-White 2004).The demographic information on online shoppers is inconsistent in the literature. For example, Kim & Kim (2004), report 43% of their respondents held graduate degrees while 12.41% of respondents in Tamini, Sebastianelli, and Rajans (2005) study held graduate degrees. It seems, however, that most online shoppers have a higher level of education and higher incomes, with the average household income of online shop pers expected to be $65,000 by 2006 (Kim and Kim 2004). While currently the majority of online shoppers is aged 44 or under (Kim & Kim 2004), shoppers aged 50 years and over are expected to become a more significant portion of the online shopping population, increasing to 30% by 2006 (Anonymous 2002). Regarding gender, research suggests that while men were early adopters of online shopping behavior, women have caught up and online shopping is starting to display the same gender proportion as offline shopping does (Kim and Kim 2004 Lepkowska-White 2004 Stafford, Turan and Raisinghani 2004 Tamini, Sebastianelli and Rajan 2005 Van Slyke, Comunale, and Belanger 2002).Previous positive experience with online shopping, trust in the company shopped from, and sufficient customer service enhance positive attitudes towards online shopping as well as conviction of ones ability in ones computer skills and access to computers and the internet (Levin, Levin, and Heath 2003). Generally, the greate st obstacles to getting individuals to shop online are hedonic dimensions of the shopping experience, security concerns and a lack of confidence in their computer skills (Swinyard and Smith 2003).The majority of those, who value the social components of the traditional shopping experience, such as interaction with sales people, window shopping, meeting up with peers and friends or the benefit of obtaining the product immediately, spend less time engaging in online shopping (Lepkowska-White 2004). Similarly, despite increased attempts at smash security, credit card and personal information security are still a main concern for most shoppers approximately euchre emails per day report online fraud to the Securities and Exchange Commission and average losses from online fraud have risen from $318 per person in 2000 to $638 in 2001 (Sager and Green 2002 Lepkowska-White 2004). Finally, individuals who do not complete transactions online indicated a lower level of confidence in their com puter skills (LepkowskaWhite 2004). Volume X, No. 2, 2009 24In order to retain current and attract new online customers, online stores should ensure sufficient product information, such as displaying price and the product details as well as a well operational, current, user friendly and easy to download web sites (Chiang and Dholakis 2003). Security and accurate and comprehensive cost information positively skew the customer perception of the online shopping experience as well as good customer service and hassle free return policies (Tamimi, Sebastianelli, and Rajan 2005). Providing free shipping might prove a powerful incentive to increase the number of persons who complete an online purchase a 2002 study found that shipping costs were the deterrent for 53% of individuals in the US who decided against an online purchase in the last steps of the process (Kim and Kim 2004).METHODOLOGY A survey was randomly administered at shopping malls in the southeastern region of the United States . A survey instrument was developed to determine the perception of consumers who enjoy shopping from traditional stores about online shopping. The survey was not conducted online to better target the offline shoppers. 264 surveys were used for the purpose of data analysis. Fourteen surveys had to be discarded since they were incomplete or instructions had not been followed. The survey consisted of components such as demographics, computer and internet literacy, perception which included attitude and behavior. FINDINGS The largest group of respondents was aged 18-30 (35.7%), and the next largest group was individuals aged 61 and over (28.3%). Of the 264 respondents, 32.6% were male.The most common response, given by slightly less than 30% of the respondents, indicated they were shopping online one to tailfin times per year which further confirms the respondents of this study to be primarily offline shoppers. Online shoppers are assumed to shop online more than once a month (Lepkowsk a-White 2004). The consumers of this study were overwhelmingly computer literate and had access to the internet (84.5%). However, they were shopping in shopping malls (RQ1). Therefore, H01 is rejected and there is evidence that the offline shoppers of this study are in fact computer and internet literate. Many of them indicated they were going online (RQ2) to collect information and do research on products to be better prepared shoppers before purchasing items in Issues in Information SystemsOnline Shopping Perceptions of Offline Shoppers traditional stores (72.4%) (RQ3). Only a small number of these consumers purchased the product online (1 to 5 times a year) after they found the searched product (32.3%) (RQ4). Therefore, H02 is also rejected and the contention offline shoppers of this study do in fact go online is supported. It is clear that the consumers of this study shop offline. However, a small number of them 32.3% while searching for information on different products online ended up purchasing the product online one to five times per year (29.7%). These individual cited the following reasons for completing the transaction online and purchasing the product they were researching for online Familiarity with the online stores, No brick-and-mortar alternative (e-Bay, Amazon), Low-ticketed items.In addition, they considered ease of return the online-purchased item, and they thought the public figure of website was influential in their decision of finalizing the transaction and purchasing the product online. DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS Online shopping has already influenced shopping patterns and is expected to influence even more in the future with improvements in technology. Online shopping has made shoppers more knowledgeable than ever before. Consumers are becoming more efficient by shopping online and more legal because of ease of information accessibility online. Many shoppers go online for research purpose rather than purchase purpose. Prices and features of products can easily be compared to make an informed purchase decision. Information on products can be obtained from anywhere at anytime.The purchase is then made online or from a more tradition store. Especially for more expensive purchases, shoppers tend to take advantage of the availability of information online, replacing traditional methods of going from store to store in order to compare prices and look for the best buy. Consumers in this study as expected were mainly offline shoppers who were browsing the internet for information. They were computer literate and had access to the internet. This study reveals a positive attitude toward online shopping by those consumers who still like traditional stores. The consumers of this study are mostly in low and high age groups. It is possible that these consumer groups place a stronger emphasis on the social aspects of offline shopping and have more time to spend in traditional stores and malls and value the offline shopping experie nce for social reasons, such as meeting with friends. These consumers are technology oriented and take advantage of technology and the internet to educate themselves about products of interest and then purchase them from traditional stores.CONCLUSION, LIMITATIONS, AND FUTURE WORKS Online shopping is a relatively new experience and has greatly impacted the lives of consumers in its short time of existence (Garrett & Parrott 2005). It is expected to erect constantly in years to come with more advancement in technology. Online shopping has made consumers more effective and efficient in their shopping behavior and has driven businesses to a new level, forcing many to make the necessary adjustments and changes to reach the new market of knowledgeable consumers (Lepkowska-White 2004 Schaupp and Blanger 2005). Tomorrows consumers include at presents elementary and secondary school students who grow up using browsers and search tools in order to retrieve information from global resources. The offline shoppers of this study indicated a positive perception of online shopping. These offline shoppers collected the necessary information online to facilitate their offline shopping, and it seems they are not too far away from completing the transaction and making the purchase online. It is important for businesses to find the online analogy of factors that make customers buy in a brick-and-mortar setting (Lepkowska-White 2004). Future studies should look into the factors preventing the current offline shoppers and online browsers from completing the transaction online after they have gained more knowledge about the product of interest. Factors encouraging individuals to complete a transaction online should be investigated.Future studies should also focus on what needs to be done in order to make the idea of online shopping in general more appealing to offline shoppers to turn more offline shoppers into online shoppers. 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